Marigold; flower with golden benefits

Marigold (genus Tagetes), classification of about 50 species of periodic sauces of the Asteraceae family, native to tropical America, southwestern North America and South America. 

The marigold is the October birth flower. Its season extends from late spring to fall Marigolds are multifunctional flowering plants they're well- known and widespread for their cosmetic value. 

 

 Marigolds are symbolizes for the significant strength of the sun and represent power, strength, and light that lives inside of a person. 

Marigold requires Full sun, to partial shade. Soil must be rather rich soil, loose and earthy with acceptable drainage, yet can also tolerate dry conditions. 

 

 The marigold plant can be mildly poisonous to dogs when ingested and can also induce irritation when contact is made with the fur and skin. Though the goods of this factory aren't life- hanging in any way, your pet may witness discomfort with exposure. 

Marigold tea is a tea made from the dried blossoms of the pot marigold factory, a theater factory generally grown worldwide. Marigold tea is full of antioxidants andanti-inflammatory properties when ingested. When used topically, marigold tea can treat skin irritation like eczema. 

 

 Four species of Tagetesviz.,T. erecta,T. patula,T. tenuifolia andT. lunulata( Soule, 1996) are generally grown for 

 Cosmetic purpose. Three speciesviz.,T. erecta( African marigold),T. patula( French marigold),T. tenuifolia( Signet marigold) are popularly grown for its cosmetic flowers. French marigold is dwarf, compact and has the widest color range of marigolds. The flowers are mahogany red in color and this color isn't available in the African marigold. African marigold is characterized by larger leaf size and bigger flowers which are moreover semidouble or completely double 

 

 phytoremediation Marigold has been authentically well proven for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. Madanan et al.( 2021) 

Tagetes genus provides essential oil by steam- distillation from their flowers. This is known as Tagetes, Taget or Tagette oil. Taget oil is applied only in small amount to avoid its poisonous effect. It has an violent, satisfying, mushy scent resembling apple and is used in cosmetics and in numerous flowery scents( Groom, 1997). 

Oil is extensively used in perfumery industries, as insect repellent and in curing bronchodilatory complaint (Singh and Singh, 2005). The oil is also used as a flavor element in major food products including cola drinks, alcoholic drinks, frozen dairy sweets, dessert, baked goods, gelatins, puddings, seasonings and relishes( Meshkatalsadat et al., 2010). 

 

 Marigold flower petals are a significant source of the xanthophylls and have a much advanced attention of this color compared to other plant materials. Xanthophyll is a yellow to orange-red coloured natural color. Significantly pure xanthophylls can be used as a food color and thus live a huge demand of this color in food industries 

Emulsifying glue The predicated flower petals of Tagetes erecta contain a water- solvable gum( marigold flower polysaccharide, MFP). MFP has emulsifying and emulsion- stabilizing properties original to those of Acacia glue 

 

 medicinal properties Marigold is said to purify blood and flower juice is given as a remedy for bleeding piles Tagetes plants have several remedial uses in traditional drug across the world. These include treatment of pain, inflammation, cancer and various gastrointestinal diseases( Kirtikar et al., 1993). Different species of Tagetes have been found to retain antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, hepatoprotective, crack mending and analgesic conditioning( Rhama and Madhavan, 2011 and Gopi et al., 2012). Tagetessp. has been used in folk drug to treat intestinal and stomach conditions and some of them have been found to retain natural activity. 

Mobile phone dependence

 

 

Smartphones are getting a vital part of our lives. These movable “mini-computers ” help keep us connected, organized and entertained anywhere and anytime. Smartphone dependence or problematic mobile phone use, is regarded as a behavioral dependence . SPD may partake numerous common parcels with other kinds of dependence diseases, especially Internet dependence . 

 

* loss of interest in other conditioning 

 * physical and internal impairment 

 * social and domestic interruptions 

 * anxiety and loneliness with confined operation. 

 Studies on Internet dependence have concentrated on the actions it involves, its influence on diurnal life and social performance, clinical opinion and treatment, as well as goods on brain structures and functions. 

 substantiation has shown altered argentine matter viscosity, cortical consistence, cerebral blood inflow, and functional connectivity in regions involved in addicting or obsessive actions in subjects with Internet dependence . 

 A study was conduced by the institutional review board of Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital. The purpose and procedures of the study was detailed introduced to levies. Forty- nine youthful adult levies were signed from the original community. The operation rates of calling and texting, converse apps, gaming and entertainment, media and Internet browsing, and camera firing were significantly different in the control and Smart Phone Dependent SPD groups. thus it can be concluded that Smartphone dependence may affect individual physical and cerebral health, academic and work performance, as well as social communication. 

 In addition to distinguishable changes in sleeping patterns, differences in white matter microstructural parcels were also linked in SPD subjects. 

Is cell phone radiation dangerous for kiddies 

 A 2010 study of cell phone radiation noted that, “ in general 

 and on average, children suffer a advanced exposure of their brain 

 regions than grown-ups. ” This is because children have proportionally lower heads and smarts, yet admit the same situations of cell phone radiation as grown-ups. The American Academy of Pediatrics agrees, saying that “ when used by children, the average RF energy deposit is two times advanced in the brain and 10 times advanced in the bone gist of the cranium, compared with mobile phone use by grown-ups. 

 According to a study conducted in Korea Children that used cell phones more were more likely to have Attension deficiency Hyperactivity complaint( ADHD). Although the link to ADHD was only for children who also had high situations of lead in their blood, when experimenters acclimated for blood lead position, they still set up that ADHD was more likely for children who made further phone calls and spent a longer quantum of time on the phone. 

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Benefits of black cumin seeds; a miraculous herb

 

Nigella sativa (black seed or black cumin), tiny seeds, dark black in color, known as “Habba Al-Sauda” or “Habba Al-Barakah” in Arabic which belongs to the Ranunculacea family, it has many pharmacological, clinical and pharmaceutical properties. Among its many active constituents, thymoquinone (TQ) is the most abundant constituent of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds.

Thymoquinone has ability to reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, promotes immunity, cell survival and energy metabolism.

The seeds also reported to protect against cancer, metabolic, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, respiratory, digestive, reproductive, neurological disorders and so on.

The black cumin seeds also reported to have antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bronchodilatory, antihistaminic, antitussive activities related to causative oraganism and signs and symptoms of COVID-19. Black cumin could be used as an additive therapy along with proposed  conventional medicine to manage the patients with COVID-19.

This plant extract is used to investigate the potential of  alleviating the severity of Dengue disease (which is characterized by low platelet count) by raising the platelet count and found that platelets increase by two fold as compare to control group. 

It helps neutralize effects of free radicals leading to enhanced hair quality. 

 In case of rough, wavy, and dry hair, kalonji oil painting can be used as it helps seal moisture in hair shafts. 

 Kalonji masks may help lower dandruff as it has antifungal properties. 

 Massaging your skull with kalonji oil can give relief from scalp irritation and itching due to itsanti-inflammatory action. 

 Regular use of black seeds in hair care can help reduce hair loss therefore, enhancing the hair volume. 

10 interesting facts about Lady Diana

 The Princess of Wales Diana is doubtless one of the most prominent and well- loved personality in the British royal family. On the one hand she's appreciated for her sense of style, on the other hand she's continually depicted as a heartbreaking and unhappy character. Here are 10 interesting facts about Lady Diana

 1- Birth

Diana was born in July 1961 on a family estate in Norfolk. Her birth was to disappoint the family, who were awaiting a male baby

2- Baptism 

At baptism, the girl received two names Diana Frances. The first frequently appeared in the family, the second was given after by mother. Diana had 5 godparents. Her christening wasn't royal, and Queen Elizabeth didn't attend, as was latterly the case at her family's christening. 

3- divorce of parents 

Lady Diana's parents' marriage broke up. Several years of struggle for kids ended with father- John Spencer taking care of the children. 

4- Education problems 

Education wasn't a strength of young Diana. still, the lack of success at academy didn’t worried by parents . 

5- Inheritance 

 In 1979, Diana inherited the inheritance of her motherly great- grandmother, who died in the United States. The money enabled her to buy a luxurious apartment where she lived with three mates. 

6- babysitter 

While living with her mates, Diana worked first as a babysitter, and also as a kindergarten educator. 

7- How she met Charles

Diana met her hubby Prince Charles in 1977. They were introduced to each other by Diana's family Sarah, who was mates with Charles at the time. Despite her charisma with the prince, Diana gave in to her family, but she wasn't interested in Charles in the emotional environment. 

8- Arranged relationship 

Diana and Charles' engagement and entire relationship was arranged. Buckingham Palace considered Lady Diana Spencer a good candidate. The Height, enough Anglican maiden was considered ideal material for the submissive Mrs. of the heir to the throne. 

9- A fairytale marriage 

That was the name of the marriage form of Diana and Charles, which took place in 1981. The festivity was declared a public vacation. Over 750 million people around the world watched them on television.

10. Friends circle 

Diana was good friends with like Elton John,  Liza Minelli and George Micheal

Biology notes class 9 chapter 1: introduction to biology

 Chapter 1: Introduction to biology 

Q/A

Q1. Define biology and its descibe its three branches?

The word biology comes from Greek language “Bios” meaning “live” and “Logos” meaning “thought or reasoning”. Thus biology meaning study of life. 

Branches of biology:

Cell biology (L. cells, compartment, Gk. Bios= life; logos; discourse): The study of cell and its organelle.

Parasitology (Gr. para; up): The study of parasites

Pharmacology (Gr. pharmakon, drug;). The study about action of drugs.

Q2. Give one example about relationship of biology with other sciences?

A. Biochemistry:

It is branch of biology which deals with the study of molecules which form living organisms or cell and requires authentic knowledge about biology and chemistry to explain the synthesis of biomolecules and function of different molecules in the body of an organism.

Q3. Mention three careers in biology 

A. Medicine and Surgery:

Medicine deals with diagnosis and treatment of diseases and surgery deals with repair, replacement or removal the affected organ.

Agriculture:

This deals with production of varieties of crops, fruit, vegetables, dairy products, etc. Pakistan being an agricultural country, it can play very important role.

Biotechnology:

This is very important and sensitive profession. It deals with manipulation of gene to produce valuable chemical products, such as insulin, growth hormones, interferon, etc from bacteria as well as others.

Q3 . Write translation of one verses about The Holy Quran and biology 

“We made every living thing from water”.

(Surah: Ambia, Verse: 30)

Q4. Write contribution of any three muslim scientists 

A.  Jabir Bin Hayan (722-817 A.D):

 He worked in the field of chemistry but he also wrote a number of books on plants and animals. “Al-Nabatiat” and “Al- Haywan” are his two famous books on plants and animals, respectively

Abdul Malik Asmai (741-828 A.D):

He was great zoologist and wrote many books on animals like “Al- Kheil” on horse, “Al-Ibil” on camels, “Al-Shat” on sheep, “Al-Wahoosh” on wild animals and “Khalqul Insan” on the different parts of human body

Bu Ali Sina (980-1037 A.D):

He was greatest of all the Muslim scientists and considered as the founder of medicine. He is called as Avicenna in the west. He identified many diseases like tuberculosis, meningitis and other such inflammations. He wrote book like “Al-Qanoon” and “Fil Tib Al-Shafa”.

Q5. What are the levels of organization? Illustrate

A. The levels of organization in living world are based on chemical foundation. All the living organisms are made up of cells and the protoplasm of cell is the physical as well as chemical basis of life. These levels are as follows

Figure 1.1

Q6. Define species, population communities & biosphere ?

The Species is the smallest unit of taxonomic level of organization, which includes morphologically similar living organisms which inter-breed and produce fertile offspring.

All the members of a species, living in specific habitat are called Population

The members of different species living in specific habitat are called as Community

The part of earth where life exists is called biosphere

Q7. What are the scientific name of mustard plant and frog?

Brassica campestris is the scientific name for mustard plant and Rana tigrina is the scientific name of spotted frog 

Q8. Describe any one of the following unicellular organism with diagram 

Or

Give five characteristics of 

i) amoeba ii) volvox

A. Amoeba:

Amoeba is a unicellular organism found in the mud of shallow pond, pools and at any stagnant water. 

Its sizeis about 0.25mm. 

Amoeba has airregular shape. 

It has a cell membrane which helps in movement of molecules and protects cytoplasm. 

The outer part of cytoplasm is clear and transparent, called ectoplasm (gel) and inner part is called endoplasm (sol). 

The cytoplasm contains nucleus, food vacuoles,mitochondria etc. 

Amoeba moves by false foot, called pseudopodia.

Figure1.5

Volvox: 

Volvox once called algae that live together in a colony.

Each Volvox cell has two flagella. 

The flagella beat together to roll the body in water. 

Volvox cells have chlorophyll and make their own food by photosynthesis. 

Volvox are not harmful to humans because they do not produce any toxic substance.

Figure 1.6

Q9:  Define the following terms

(i) Anatomy (ii) Histology (iii) Immunology

(iv)  Pharmacology (v) Entomology (vi) Biometry (vii) Biogeography

(viii) Surgery (ix) Animal husbandry

(x) Bioelements

A. Anatomy: The study of internal parts of body of living organisms by cutting them open.

Histology: The study of structure of tissues of plant and animals.

Immunology: 

Pharmacology: The study about action of drugs.

Entomology: it is a branch of zoology which deals with the study of insects

Biometry: The branch of mathematics which collects data of living organisms. It plays very important role in research

Biogeography: It deals with the distribution of different living organisms in different geographical regions of the world. Many living organisms are restricted to particular geographical regions due to environmental conditions.

Surgery: surgery deals with repair, replacement or removal the affected organ.

Animal husbandry: This profession is part of agriculture science. It deals with the care and breeding of animals which are beneficial for man.

Bioelements: In nature, there are more than 100 kinds of elements and among these 16 elements are called as bio-elements, which are vital for life. Only six elements such as C, H, O, N, S and P are called basic elements of life

1. Encircle the correct answer:

(i) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a:

(a) Biosphere (b) Community

(c) Ecosystem (d) Population

Ans: b

(ii) Increased quantity and quality of fish production:

(a) Fisheries (b) Farming

(c) Animal husbandry (d) Forestry

Ans: a

(iii) Study of remote past organic life, with the help of fossils.

(a) Entomology (b) Paleontology

(c) Taxonomy (d) Histology

Ans: b

(iv) Laws and techniques of physics are applied to explain the living processes of life.

(a) Biometry (b) Biostatistics

(c) Biophysics (d) Bio-economics

Ans: c

(v) Choose the incorrect statement:

(a) Six elements such as C, H, O, N, S and P are called basic elements of life.

(b) Foundation of life based on chemicals.

(c) Members of different species form population. (d) Part of earth where life exists is called biosphere

Ans:b

(vi) Science of diagnosis and treatment of diseases. (a) Agriculture (b) Medicine

(c) Surgery (d) Both B and C

Ans: b

    

 16

(vii) Similar cells combine together to form:

a) Organs

(c) Tissue

b) System (d) Body

Ans:a

(viii) Scientific name of frog is:

(a) Palaeon (b) Rana tigrina

(d) Pheretima

(c) Periplaneta

Ans: b

(ix) Select the correct sequence of biological organization

(a) Atom → Cell → Tissue → Molecule → Organ (b) Atom → Tissue → Cell → Molecule → Organ (c) Atom → Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ (d) Atom → Cell → Molecule →Tissue → Organ

Ans: c

(x) Volvox is a polyphyletic genus of

(a) Green algae (b) Red algae

(c) Brown algae (d) None of these

Ans: a

2. Fill in the blanks

(i) Techniques for manipulation of gene to achieve desirable characters are called____________. (Biotechnology)

(ii) Distribution of different living organisms in different regions of the world____________.community 

(iii) Partofagricultureforthedevelopmentofnewvarietiesofplant,and their fruit is ____________.

(iv) Bio elements considered as vital for life are __________ in members.

(v) Members of different species living in specific habitat are called __________.

(vi) The Muslim scientists who identified many diseases like tuberculosis, meningitis and other such inflammations was _______.

(vii) Partofearthwherelifeexistsiscalled______.

(b) System (d) Body

(b) Rana tigrina

(d) Pheretima

  

(viii) Foundationoflifebasedon________.

(ix) Fish is one of the best source of_________.

(x) Radio labeling and carbon dating also show some uses of radioactive isotopes in determining the ________ of fossils.